Why did Anakin Skywalker become Darth Vader?

It's understandable that he wanted to save Padme Amidala, but that is no excuse to kill all those innocent jedi and innocent jedi children. Why would he do that so fast? And why didn't he turn on Palpatine once he found out padme died and he's stuck in a cybernetic suit with his arms and legs cut off? Anakin Skywalker is such a great legendary jedi warrior and hero. He fought in the clone wars for 3 years. He had such a good hearted and kind noble soul. He saved a lot of people and he got angry at the jedi sometimes, but he still had a good heart and a moral code.

I want an indepth analysis and explanation here.

Why did Anakin Skywalker become Darth Vader?
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