The right-left cleavage really starts when what will be the great French problem of the XIXth century, namely the alternative republic/monarchy, is settled. It emerged from the debate on the heritage of the French Revolution. For or against the Revolution, and which Revolution, 1789 or 1793? The right-left spectrum is defined according to the answer to these questions
The symbolic division of 1789 was founded retrospectively in the 1830s by historians to entrench a cleavage that was in the process of being established, whereas it had only had a marginal existence during the Revolution. Even during the most radical episode of the Revolution, the Jacobin dictatorship between June 1793 and July 1794, the cleavage had no practical role. It is not the language of the actors. It was not until the advent of parliamentarianism under the Restoration, from 1815, that a relationship was established between parliamentary language and electoral options. This idea of cleavage was foreign to the revolutionaries, because they did not conceive of the assembly system as representing the division of opinions in society.
The French Revolution was made in the name of a very strong idea of the individual against groups and corporations. It is thus constitutively opposed to the parties. This will lead under the Directory to draw by lot the place of the deputies, precisely to avoid any type of grouping!

Holidays
Girl's Behavior
Guy's Behavior
Flirting
Dating
Relationships
Fashion & Beauty
Health & Fitness
Marriage & Weddings
Shopping & Gifts
Technology & Internet
Break Up & Divorce
Education & Career
Entertainment & Arts
Family & Friends
Food & Beverage
Hobbies & Leisure
Other
Religion & Spirituality
Society & Politics
Sports
Travel
Trending & News