What do the numbers mean on Hair Dye?

I've seen multiple hair dye brands with different numbers, i. e. 7, 5.3, 8.2, 465, 80, 73, 70.

What is the difference between the higher and lower numbers if the shade is the same or similar?

Also if hair is naturally dark, i. e. black/dark brown, how to get hair to a lighter shade, medium/light brown?

Is is best to go for higher or lower numbers?
And also what shade? Or would you just choose your desired color, i. e. light brown?

But I'm just really confused with the numbers.
What do the numbers mean on Hair Dye?
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