What happens if I cut my nail too short?

I was cutting my nails and I had one nail with nail polish on it. So I was lazy and didn't take it off. I cut it, but I cut it so short that the white part isn't visible anymore. Will it ever be normal again? Like will my nail grow back to it's normal size and then will the white part start growing? Or will it look like this forever? It kind of hurts too. :(
What happens if I cut my nail too short?
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