What does "talking to a girl" mean?

I've seen posts on here of guys saying that they're "talking to a girl", but I never really got it.
I've recently found myself in this situation, when a guy said he was talking to me and asked things like "do you mind when a guy you're talking to do this? do that?".
I thought it was something totally casual, but he was clearly asking for some kind of permission - and isn't that a characteristic of a relationship?
Thanks a lot!
What does "talking to a girl" mean?
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