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A windfall profits tax, or excess profits tax, is a one-time surtax levied on companies or industries that experience unexpectedly high profits due to unforeseen circumstances, like a surge in energy prices, weather related or disease related events.

A windfall profits tax is a tax on profits that are not usually captured, often motivated by the desire to tax profits resulting from an external factor, such as an energy crisis.

Purpose:
Governments propose such taxes to generate additional revenue, potentially encourage companies to reduce prices, or temporarily regulate markets during periods of unusual volatility.

Examples:
Historically, these taxes have targeted oil and energy companies when costs have risen, especially during war or other crises.

US Context:
In the US, there have been discussions and proposals for windfall taxes on oil and gas companies, particularly in the wake of record profits and high energy prices.

European Union:
The European Union has agreed to impose an EU-wide windfall profits tax on fossil fuel companies to fund relief for households and businesses facing high energy prices.

UK:
The UK government introduced a windfall tax, called the Energy Profits Levy, on the "extraordinary" earnings of firms to help fund its scheme to lower gas and electricity bills.

Criticisms:
Some argue that windfall taxes can discourage investment and potentially lead to unintended consequences, while others argue that they are necessary to address unfair profits and ensure a fairer distribution of wealth.

Examples of Windfall Profits:
A company making high profits by selling drinking water to the public after a hurricane.

Energy companies profiting from a major oil shortage in another country.

Companies profiting from a surge in demand after lifting Covid restrictions.

The link gift article has a county breakdown if you're interested.

The countermeasures are aimed at industries that employ roughly 7.75 million people across the United States. The bulk of those — 4.48 million — are in counties that voted for Mr. Trump in the last election, compared with 3.26 million jobs in counties that voted for former Vice President Kamala Harris, according to a calculation by The Times that included examining retaliatory tariffs on more than 4,000 product categories.

The jobs that could be hit by retaliation are especially concentrated in pockets of the upper Midwest, South and Southeast, including many rural parts of the country that are responsible for producing agricultural goods. It also includes areas that produce coal, oil, car parts and other manufactured products.

Rural parts of the country are once again at risk from retaliation. Agriculture is a major U. S. export and farmers are politically important to Mr. Trump. And rural counties may have one major employer — like a poultry processing plant — that provides a big share of the county’s jobs, compared with urban or suburban areas that are more diversified.

In an address to Congress earlier this month, Mr. Trump implied that farmers could be hit again, saying there may be “an adjustment period” as he put tariffs in place on foreign products. There may be “a little disturbance,” he said. “We are OK with that. It won’t be much.

Mr. Trump said he had told farmers in his first term to “‘Just bear with me,’ and they did. They did. Probably have to bear with me again,” he said.

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/03/15/business/economy/tariffs-trump-maps-voters.html?unlocked_article_code=1.4k4.ocGu.4KdWK1rkjdH4&smid=nytcore-android-share

To clarify the choices:

Yes, men still had chores in traditional gender roles, but they were typically different from women's household duties. The division of labor depended on the time period, culture, and class, but in general:

Men’s Traditional Chores:

Providing & Finances – The primary responsibility was earning money to support the family.

Heavy Labor & Maintenance:
-Chopping wood
-Fixing things around the house (plumbing, carpentry, electrical work)
Maintaining the roof, fences, and other structures

Yard Work & Farming:
-Mowing the lawn
-Tending to crops (if they had a farm or garden)
-Taking care of large livestock (horses, cattle, etc.)

Home Protection & Security:
-Ensuring the home was safe from intruders
-Handling firearms, if applicable
-Resolving disputes or external threats
Seasonal Responsibilities:
-Clearing snow in winter
-Harvesting crops in fall
-Preparing firewood for the colder months

Transportation & Errands:

-Driving the family where they needed to go

-Taking care of the car (oil changes, repairs, etc.)

Disciplinary Role – In some households, the father was seen as the authority figure for disciplining children.

Women’s Traditional Chores for Comparison:
-Cooking and preparing meals
-Cleaning the house
-Doing laundry
-Taking care of children and elderly family members
-Sewing and mending clothes
-Grocery shopping (sometimes)
-Handling social obligations and hospitality

Even in traditional gender roles, men weren’t completely free from household tasks. It's just that their work was often more physically demanding and focused outside the house, while women handled more of the day-to-day upkeep inside.