- Permission to fight.
First of all, let's begin with the verse that gave Muslim permission to defend themselves, this verse was revealed after fourteen years of Revelation, and before it Muslims did not fight back the polytheists, They endured thirteen years of persecution in Mecca, and then they emigrated secretly to Medina to save thier lives. even though they had been tortured and persecuted, their homes and money were seized, and some of them were killed, they didn't fight back.
"Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged. And indeed, Allah is competent to give them victory, [They are] those who have been evicted from their homes without right - only because they say, "Our Lord is Allah" . Surat Al-Haj ayat 39.
The prmission to fight back was in 2 hijri "Islamic lunar calendar" and the prophet Muhammad peace be upon him died in 11 hijri; so believing that the prophet was a warrior is wrong, becuase he spent nearly 14 years without even fighting back.
-NO compulsion in [acceptance of] the religion
"And had your Lord willed, those on earth would have believed - all of them entirely. Then, [O Muhammad], would you compel the people in order that they become believers" Surah Yunus Ayah 99
"There shall be no compulsion in [acceptance of] the religion. The right course has become clear from the wrong". Surah al baqarah Ayah 256
-Dont fight those who do not fight you.
"Allah does not forbid you from those who do not fight you because of religion and do not expel you from your homes - from being righteous toward them and acting justly toward them. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly, Allah only forbids you from those who fight you because of religion and expel you from your homes and aid in your expulsion - [forbids] that you make allies of them. And whoever makes allies of them, then it is those who are the wrongdoers" Qur'an 8/9 60.
-Do not transgress
"Fight in the way of Allah those who fight you but do not transgress. Indeed. Allah does not like transgressors". Qur'an 190:2
-Peace is first
"And if they incline to peace, then incline to it [also] and rely upon Allah. Indeed, it is He who is the Hearing, the Knowing" Qur'an 8:61
-Even if your parents work hard to make you an unbeliever, you should accompany them with appropriate kindness
"And We have enjoined upon man [care] for his parents. His mother carried him, [increasing her] in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years. Be grateful to Me and to your parents; to Me is the [final] destination, But if they endeavor to make you associate with Me that of which you have no knowledge, do not obey them but accompany them in [this] world with appropriate kindness and follow the way of those who turn back to Me [in repentance]. Then to Me will be your return, and I will inform you about what you used to do". Surah luqman Ayat 14/15
-Prisoners, There is no third option, only generosity or ransom
After the battle of Badr, Some seventy prisoners were taken captive and are noted to have been treated humanely including a number of Quraish leaders, Most of the prisoners were released upon payment of ransom and those who were literate were released on the condition that they teach ten persons how to read and write and this teaching was to count as their ransom.
"And they give food in spite of love for it to the needy, the orphan, and the captive, [Saying], "We feed you only for the countenance of Allah . We wish not from you reward or gratitude".surah al insan ayat 8/9
"Therefore, when ye meet the Unbelievers (in fight), smite at their necks; At length, when ye have thoroughly subdued them, bind a bond firmly (on them): thereafter (is the time for) either generosity or ransom: Until the war lays down its burdens". Surah Muhammad ayat 4.
I think there is no need to mention that humans was using sword fourteen centuries ago.
-People of Scipture "Jews and christians"
"and do not argue with the People of the Scripture except in a way that is best, except for those who commit injustice among them, and say, "We believe in that which has been revealed to us and revealed to you. And our God and your God is one; and we are Muslims [in submission] to Him." surah al ankabut verse 46.
"This day [all] good foods have been made lawful, and the food of those who were given the Scripture is lawful for you and your food is lawful for them. And [lawful in marriage are] chaste women from among the believers and chaste women from among those who were given the Scripture before you, when you have given them their due compensation, desiring chastity, not unlawful sexual intercourse or taking [secret] lovers. And whoever denies the faith - his work has become worthless, and he, in the Hereafter, will be among the losers" surat al maidah ayat 5
- Jizya.
"Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture - [fight] until they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled". surat at taubah ayat 29
fight those mentioned when the conditions which necessitate fighting are present.
Most Muslim jurists and scholars regard the jizya as a special payment collected from certain non-Muslims in return for the responsibility of protection fulfilled by Muslims against any type of aggression, as well as for non-Muslims being exempt from military service, and in exchange for the suppliance of poor dhimmis.
In a treaty made by Khalid ibn al Walid with some towns in the neighborhood of Hirah, he writes: "If we protect you, then jizya is due to us; but if we do not, then it is not due".
Who pays it?
adult, free, sane, able-bodied males of military age with no religious functions among the dhimma community, while exempting women, children, elders, handicapped, monks, hermits, the poor, the ill, the insane, slaves, as well as musta'mins (non-Muslim foreigners who only temporarily reside in Muslim lands), Dhimmis who chose to join military service were exempted from payment. If anyone could not afford this tax, they would not have to pay anything.
So if you think that Jizya is a religious tax, can you explain why Monks are exempted?
-forgiveness
-You may heard this verse because Media and terrorists repeat it many times:
"And when the sacred months have passed, then kill the polytheists wherever you find them" .
Its the verse N 5 in Surah At-Tawbah; so lets read the verse N 6, which both Media and terrorists don't mention it at all :
"If one amongst the polytheists ask thee for asylum, grant it to him, so that he may hear the word of Allah; and then escort him to where he can be secure. That is because they are men without knowledge". Qur'an Surat At-Tawbah ayah 6.
It doesn't say kill him nor does it say force him to convert to Islam, it says "escort him to where he can be secure";
You will be surprised when you learn its context.
Read the verse N 01:
"This is a declaratio of disassociation, from Allah and his mesenger, to those with whom you had made a treaty among the polytheists" Surat At-Tawbah verse N 01
So did Muslims breach the treaty?
Lets read the verse 04 for More clarification:
"Excepted are those with whom you made a treaty among the polytheists and then they have not been deficient toward you in anything or supported anyone against you; so complete for them their treaty until their term [has ended]. Indeed, Allah loves the righteous [who fear Him]. Surat At-Tawbah verse 04
The Quran in Surat At-Tawbah talks about a treaty of Hudaibiyah that was between Muslims and polytheists of Quraish; the laters breached it when they helped their ally Banu bakr with men and weapons to attack the Banū Khuza’ah -A POLITHEISTS tribe entered into alliance with the Prophet-; and killed Banū Khuza’ah men in the most sacred place; in the Kaaba, where no blood should be shed.
Surprised to know that Muhammad peace be upon him gathered the Muslims to defend Banū Khuza’ah polytheists?.
Breaching Hudaibiyah treaty led to the conquest of Makkah in 8 Hijri.
"Would you not fight a people who broke their oaths and determined to expel the Messenger, and they had begun [the attack upon] you the first time? Do you fear them? But Allah has more right that you should fear Him, if you are [truly] believers". Surat At-Tawbah ayah 13
The Prophet peace be upon him wanted to enter Makkah in peaceful way, and no blood should be shed, so He said:
"Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan* shall be safe, Whoever locks his door shall be safe. Whoever remains in the kaaba shall be safe."
*Abu Sufyne was one of the greatest enemies of the Prophet and one of the leaders of Qouraish, but he disagreed with his followers about breaching Hudaybia treaty.
The prophet didn't say whoever converts to Islam shall be safe.
When the prophet Muhammad entered Makkah do you know what he did to the polytheists of
Qouraish? After twenty years of oppression, wars, persecution, conspiracies; the lives of his enemies were at his mercy
He said to them while gathering waiting to hear his decision:
"I say to you what Prophet Joseph said to his brothers no reproach this day shall be on you and no taunting go all of you you are all free"
-When Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) died, his armour was mortgaged with a Jew for thirty Sa' (measures) of barley.
-Qais ibn Sa’d reported: A funeral passed by the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and he stood up. It was said to him, “It is a Jew.” The Prophet said, “Was he not a soul?”
-The Prophet said,
"Whoever killed a person having a treaty with the Muslims, shall not smell the smell of Paradise though its smell is perceived from a distance of forty years."
-The Messenger of Allah said:
Beware, if anyone wrongs a contracting man, or diminishes his right, or forces him to work beyond his capacity, or takes from him anything without his consent, I shall plead for him on the Day of Judgment.
-The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said,
“Beware of the supplication of the oppressed, even if he is an unbeliever, for there is no barrier between it and Allah.”
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