Is Incognito mode truly private? Can you still recover sites you've visited or images you've searched for?

If you're on your phone using Incognito mode, can you still recover sites you've visited or images you've searched for? Isn't Incognito mode private and non-traceable (unless you're a cop or something)? I'm not talking about police recovering it or anything. I mean can YOU personally find a way to recover images or sites you've (or someone else has) been to on a cell phone in Incognito Mode?

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An Android phone by the way. I saw an article that said Android does not STORE Incognito history on its devices and advises you to install a tracking app like parental controls. So, in other words, a regular person with no 3rd party apps could just simply check the Incognito browsing history like they could their usual/standard browsing history, right?
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What if showed you were NOT logged in to Google account when you did a Google search in Incognito? Like instead of your name, it said "login"? Does that mean you weren't tracked on YOUR Google account since you were not automatically logged in (even though you ARE logged into your Google account on your phone otherwise)?
Is Incognito mode truly private? Can you still recover sites you've visited or images you've searched for?
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