When you listen to a piece of music, are you able to pick apart the different instruments used?

When you listen to a piece of music, are you able to pick apart the different instruments used?
Say for example an orchestra, or even a regular band, would you be able to fairly accurately distinguish the different instruments used (i. e. guitar, bass, cello, violin, saxophone etc)? And to take it further, would you be able to distinguish between an alto saxophone, soprano sax, tenor sax and baritone sax for example?
When you listen to a piece of music, are you able to pick apart the different instruments used?
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