The clavicle or collarbone serves as a rigid support from which the scapula and free limb suspended which is a crucial arrangement that keeps the upper limb away from the thorax so that the arm has maximum range of movement instead of being limited either vertically or horizontally. Acting as a flexible, crane-like strut, it allows the scapula to move freely on the thoracic wall.
It also transmits physical impacts from the upper limb to the axial skeleton which is essential in making sure that neither the arm bones nor muscles get damaged severely when taking impacts. It is also covering the cervicoaxillary canal, protecting the neurovascular bundle that supplies the upper limb, which when damaged can cause complete loss of function in the arm.
As for why for some it is more pronounced and not depends a lot on how much muscle and fat they have. If you have a lot of upper body training or a large amount of fat in that region, then your clavicle will not be as visible. Genetics also play a part of course.
Collarbones are called clavicles in the medical field. The purpose of the clavicle is to provide support for the scapula, but more importantly, the clavicles give you the ability to move your shoulders. If you didn't have clavicles, you would not be able to move your arms in any direction.
The prominence of collar bones depends on the fat on your body (i. e. your weight). People who are skinny have more prominent collar bones as compared to people who are overweight, for example.
I've alway had a prominent collar bone even tho I used to be over weight, so I'm not sure it has anything to do with being under weight
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