What kind of background checks companies do before hiring you?

I've recently done an interview for a position that I really want to take. I don't want to go too much into detail but it's a governmental position where I live. The interview went pretty well however, I didn't hear anything since the interview and don't yet know if I got the job or not. I spoke to someone who got the job two years ago and they told me the next step would be background checks and they will also check my social media. As of background checks I don't really understand what they mean by that. I googled myself and didn't find anything linked to my name other than my LinkedIn page. My social media is currently private should I keep it public during this time?

What other checks can they conduct? Can they check my private messages and personal email? I have nothing to hide but it bothers me the fact that someone might be violating my privacy without me knowing.

What kind of background checks companies do before hiring you?
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